The correct ECG diagnosis of all cardiac rhythms requires identification of the P waves and an appreciation of their relationship to the QRS complex. This is best accomplished by recording multiple ECG leads and long rhythm strips. Dr. Leo Shamroth, a prominent South African cardiologist, now deceased, would admonish his students to “Cherchez le P wave”. He listed among his “10 Commandments of Electrocardiography” the need to record multiple ECG leads, to record long rhythm strips and to remember that a single lead, such as that recorded by a bedside monitor, is often inadequate to correctly diagnose cardiac rhythm disturbances.