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Understanding the Electrocardiogram

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  2. Understanding the Electrocardiogram In Health & Disease
  3. 5.0.0 ELECTROLYTE ABNORMALITIES, DRUG EFFECTS AND THE LONG QT SYNDROMES
  4. 5.4.0 CHANGES IN CALCIUM AND SODIUM (frame 36)

5.4.3 (39)

This is the electrocardiogram of hypercalcemia. It is from a 36 year old woman with breast cancer and boney metastasis. Her serum calcium level was elevated to 13 mg/dl. Note that the QT interval is shortened to 0.30 seconds (300ms). This is due to the almost total loss of the ST segment, a reflection of the shortening of the action potential plateau caused by the increase in extracellular calcium. The P wave, PR interval, QRS complex and T waves are unaffected. In the setting of even more profound hypercalcemia, prolongation of the PR interval and of the QRS complex have been reported.

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  • Introduction to First Edition
  • 1.0.0 Generation of the ECG
  • 2.0.0 The Normal Electrocardiogram
  • 3.0.0 Inter and intra-ventricular Conduction Disturbances
  • 4.0.0 Ventricular Hypertrophy
  • 5.0.0 ELECTROLYTE ABNORMALITIES, DRUG EFFECTS AND THE LONG QT SYNDROMES
    • 5.1.0 Ion Channel R review (frame 1)
    • 5.2.0 High Potassium (9)
    • 5.2.10 (frame 19)
    • 5.3.0 low potassium (frame 28)
    • 5.4.0 CHANGES IN CALCIUM AND SODIUM (frame 36)
      • 5.4.1 (37)
      • 5.4.2(38)
      • 5.4.3 (39)
      • 5.4.4 (40)
      • 5.4.5 (41)
      • 5.4.6 (42)
      • 5.4.7 (43)
      • 5.4.8 (44)
      • Electrolyte Abnormality Quiz
      • Electrolyte Abnormality Quiz Answers
    • 5.5.0 Drug effects (frame 45)
    • 5.6.0 (frame 96) Hypothermia
    • 5.7.0 Brugada syndrome frame 116
  • 6.0.0 Ischemia and Infarction - Introduction (frame i and ii)
  • 7.0.0 Tachycardias- Introduction
  • 8.0.0 The Bradycardias frame i-introduction
  • 9.0.0 The ECG of Heart Murmurs-introduction
  • 10.0.0 The Electrocardiogram in the Emergency Department-Introduction
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